Very often, when the building requires an expansion of the living space, the indoors are turned into a room, but it is necessary to establish a staircase that will connect it with the rest of the residential space.

Such a need arises and in the event that it is about two or more flood house. In order to build an inter-level staircase, you must first pierce the staircase in the overlap. The photo and the description of the process will be presented in this article.

Preparation for the arrangement of the staircase

Before proceeding with work, it is necessary to think over some important moments, from which the success of the entire enterprise will directly depend on:

• Location of the hole. The location of the opening should be carefully thought out, at the same time considering that the floor will become noticeably less, because In order to turn along the stairs to turn normally, between the wall, the upper and lower steps you need to leave the space is not the ladder itself. Its optimal location is considered to be such at which the hole in the stove goes along the beams.

• The width of the stairs. If there is one room on the floor where the staircase is located, then in width it is made at least 60 cm. But if there are several rooms on the floor, then it is wider.

• The staircase, carved in the stove, must have a length at which there is enough space between the ceiling and steps.

• The distance between the edge beam, which restricting the hole in the ceiling, and the steps should be at least 2 m. This is due to the convenience of the stairs to use.

• The size of the staircase. Determining with dimensions, it should be repelled on the type and design of the stairs, which will later be installed. To install the direct staircase, you will need much more space than for example, for screw. Deciding with the length and width of the staircase, it is necessary to add 5 cm on the finish on each side.

Before starting to make a hole in the overlap, it is necessary to partially disassemble the floor covering, cut the beams and delete the ceiling sector. Flooring boards should not be thrown out. They can be useful in further work.

Cutting holes in the floor overlap

To make a hole in the floor overlap, it will be necessary not such a complex tool, for example:

• a circular saw;

• self-tapping screw;

• screwdriver;

• tree beams;

• metal corners.

If the opening for the opening is cut in the inner room of the residential building, then the beams that form it, it is necessary to fix the baroches of the overlap.

Actions need to be carried out in this order:

• on the site of the overlap on which the opening will be located, it is necessary to cut one beam or two, if the spaces are not enough, but more than this amount cannot be cut due to the risk of collapse;

• attach the pair beams, which will then be attached 2 more beams forming the opening, parallel to the beams going to a row. After that, shorts are attached to them, providing greater rigidity that strengthen the design. In size, paired beams must accurately coincide with the main;

• all elements are connected to each other by means of metal corners and screws. It is also allowed to use a profile for fasteners. If the opening of the opening is in close proximity to the brick wall, then the beams must be attached to one side into it.

Armor arrangement in concrete slab

To equip the opening in the concrete slab, you should stock the necessary tools and materials, namely:

• metal profiles;

• metal corners;

• apparatus for welding;

• boards;

• concrete;

• reinforcement;

• wire;

• rope;

• mesh for plaster.

Works are carried out in such a sequence:

• Make a hole in the concrete overlap itself is very difficult. Its arrangement should be abandoned at the stage of manufacturing plates. But if during the design of the house, this moment was not taken into account, but the staircase was still needed, it is better to use the services of special licensed organizations that have the necessary equipment and knowledge about how to do it safely. The opening is framed by special profiles of steel.

• On the other hand, in the presence of a high-quality powerful perforator and a large brandy work performed on their own. To begin with, a special disc on concrete makes an incision around the perimeter of the hole (half the thickness of the plate), then the perforator hollow out individual pieces of overlap. This is done in order for the fall they did not damage the floor.

• The opening under the opening is formed using concrete slabs having a standard width. In this regard, it turns out the same in width. Employments for stairs occupy a much smaller space than the plates, in connection with this, the holes that obtained on both sides are closed. Along the stove, as well as in the previous case, metal beams are installed, which are welded with each other. Metal frame fastened in the wall.

• After that, the bottomwork is collected, raising it with the help of ropes where it will be installed. Beams can be replaced by boards put on the edge, and large length reinforcement. Next, wire loops are attached to them, assembly are installed between the branches of the wire. After that, the wire is twisted.

• Formwork tighten to the plate and press. In order for the cement mortar to do not form, it is wrapped in polyethylene.

• The twisted wire remains in the concrete mass. Making a steel frame with welding, shelves of profiles, located along, headed inside the plate. This allows you to maximize the cost of labor in the manufacture of monolithic sites. The shelves of transverse profiles can be located as you like, it does not play such a big role, but still, if in the future it is planned to finish a hole with a tree, then they are also worth sending them inside. When the monolithic section will be manufactured, the cement solution will go under profile and close metal parts. In order for it to maintain reliability for a long time, the bottoms of the profiles are welded from the metal to which the grid for plastering is attached.

• In order to save funds, the design obtained by welding is replaced with a subject, without using longitudinal beams. The edges of the hole are plated with metal corners, which will rely on the overlap. But this method is acceptable only if the staircase you plan to install is narrow. If it is wide, it is not worth using it.

Staircase finish

When the opening is ready, it will be necessary to still work on it, bring it into such a species, after which the decorative finish and the installation of the staircase will begin. It is necessary to do this in the following order:

• First of all, it is necessary to bind overlap from the bottom of the plasterboard. If this is not done, it will not be possible to calculate the size of the side slopes in the opening. Mounting drywall is better on the metal profile, and not on the overlap itself. If the plasterboard is attached directly to the overlap, then the entire load coming to it will be transmitted to the trim, which after time it is emoted in those places where the heads of the screws are sticking out. If the sheets do not fit the overlap plane, then the load will only occur at those points in which the suspensions are attached to the ceiling. Thus, the deformation does not occur. And yet, in the resulting gap between the stove and the trim, it is convenient to place electrical wires.

• At the end of the previous stage, the outrocity circuit is designated. Now it is possible to attach the side slopes with self-draws. On the edges it is necessary to fasten metal corners with perforation to protect the corners and give them clarity. Make it better by Stapler and brackets. After that, they are wrapped with putty.

• Next, the entire surface of the plasterboard cladding is covered with two layers of putty, which is then thoroughly grinding.

After that, the decoration of the walls of the staircase. There may be many options, depending on imagination and material capabilities: Bloom the wallpaper, attach plastic panels, decorate with tiles or stone, just paint.

In the process of cladding to achieve the best result, it is necessary to follow several uncomplicated tips:

• if you use a facade putty during the facing work, then, during decorative trim, it will be possible to use much more options, because It is the most reliable;

• if you want to see everything with the clapboard, then the slopes are not worth the drywall;

• after the layer of putty is polished, it should be primed;

• wires and communications that will be hidden between overlapping and cladding should be placed in non-combustible boxes.