House insulation is one of the most important stages of construction. Good thermal insulation prolongs the deadlines for the operation of the building and creates a cozy atmosphere. It can be said that it is thanks to her the usual building becomes a house in all the senses of this word. About how the insulation is carried out at home outside and inside read in this article.

Fundament insulation

All professional builders converge in the opinion that the foundation must be insulated in obligatory, and it does not matter whether the box of the house is wooden, brick or concrete. In addition, experts prefer external insulation, arguing this weighing convincing arguments.

Exterior thermal insulation

The external insulation of the foundation is performed using polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam or conventional foam. By the way, polyurethane foam can be applied in the same way as in the case of insulation from the inside. The only difference is that it is necessary to carry out elementary preliminary work - to bargain the lower part of the foundation. To do this, it is necessary to dug out the unintelligue trench by the entire perimeter of the foundation and clean the lower part of the structure from the ground. If necessary, the foundation is aligned. Waterproofing is placed on the dry clean surface and the heater sheets are fixed using adhesive compositions or bitumen. The final stage of work is to fill the gaps between the sheets of insulation by the installation foam to protect the foundation from the ingress of groundwater.

The most prompt and simple way is the insulation of the foundation by polystyrene foam. However, one important point should be taken into account regardless of the materials used - the heat-insulating layer must be extended slightly above the level of the ground by about 30-40 cm so that in the case of groundwater lifting (flooding, the snow tanya, etc.) to protect the foundation and a box of structure from moisture.

Trench around the foundation you need to fall asleep. The bottom of the sand layer is 10-15 cm, and on top of it put the remaining insulation, after which it was filled with gravel and earth. External processing of the territory does not matter much. You can smash the flowerbed around the house, pour concrete or let the track from the decorative tile.

Exterior insulation ceramzit

About the outer insulation of the foundation of the clay is worth talking separately. Ceramzit itself is a unique building material with good thermal insulating and air-conducting characteristics. Previously, the insulation of buildings was carried out only with the use of clay, but over time he was supplanted by polystyrene foam, foam and polyurethane foam, since it is easier to work easier and faster.

Warming with clay resembles the insulation of foam - the trench around the foundation is precisely rushes at all its depth. However, in this case, the trench should be no less than 90 cm. Put the waterproofing material on the bottom, and on top of it lay a layer of clay granules.

Compared with most modern building materials, clamzite is characterized by rather modest thermal insulation properties. Therefore, it is necessary to lay a rather thick layer on the bottom of the trench. Ruberoid sheets are stacked on top of the ceramisite, which ensure proper waterproofing, after which the trench is covered with soil or sand.
In order to save on the thermal insulation of the foundation, you can perform insulation with your own hands using modern techniques and building materials, most of which are quite simple to use.

Advantages of the external insulation of the foundation:

• Regardless of the nature of the foundation, as well as the character of the insulation, the outer insulation will not allow the cold to penetrate the building, protecting the design from the freezing.
• Outdoor insulation preserves concrete in the integer, prolonged baseline for the foundation and preventing the penetration of groundwater.
• The external insulation of the foundation compensates for seasonal temperature fluctuations, providing protection not only the bottom, but also the base part of the foundation.

Inner insulation

In some cases, the outer insulation is impracticable, then it is necessary to produce internal thermal insulation.

If you decide to protect the foundation from the inside, first need to deal with the suitable materials suitable for this. The basement is best to insulate the polyurethane foam, for the simple reason that it is very simple to work with him. In addition, polyurethane foam is great for thermal insulation of walls in small rooms. Also, you can use boledoiece alternatives, for example, polystyrene foam or foam. In this case, the installation work will take a few more time and will require certain professional construction skills.

The advantages of the inner heat insulation of the foundation:

1. The quality internal thermal insulation of the foundation contributes to the formation of a favorable microclimate inside the house.
2. It provides proper protection of the foundation from the effects of groundwater.
3. Heat, fixed from the inside, prevents the accumulation of condensate in the basement.

Cons of the internal insulation of the foundation:

1. Internal thermal insulation does not prevent the frosting of the foundation during the cold season.
2. A large percentage of the foundation deformation during the use, as well as the formation of cracks due to sharp temperature surges and soil beats is allowed.

Therefore, in order for your foundation for more than a dozen years, it is necessary to initially take care of high-quality internal and external insulation or try to spend at least external thermal insulation.

Wall insulation

After the insulation of the foundation, it is necessary to move to the thermal insulation of the walls. Even if the box of your home is built of very thick logs, thermal insulation is necessary to protect against the appearance of condensate and extend the terms of the dwellings.

1. The budget option is the insulation of the walls with the help of rolled insulation. Depending on the variety, the thickness of the layer may vary from 3 mm to 20 mm. This is the easiest and cheapest insulation of the house, but not the best. The roll is rolled through the wall, glued with special glue, and on top set the siding lamination. Such thermal insulation will not save from junior cold, but will save from drafts.
2. Intercriver heat insulation - is performed using rigid plates of mineral wool or rigid polyurethane foam plates. The insulation is placed between decishes, and the thickness of the clamp elements is desirable to make more insulation plate thickness by 3-5 cm. To find the insulation, it is necessary to take into account the climate of the region in which the house is built, as well as materials from which walls are built. It is fixed with the help of adhesive compositions, mastic, metal or vinyl fasteners. When fixing with vinyl "fungi", it is recommended to warm the walls with a two-layer plate of mineral wool, when a more dense part of the plate is fixed on the outer part of the wall, and less dense part - on the inner. This is done so that the inner layer of the slab is more firmly lightened to the irregularities of the wall, ensuring maximum thermal insulation.
3. The heat insulation on the cross frame is the most reliable, though the most expensive insulation of the walls of the house. To do this, it is necessary to first produce intercrotane insulation, placing the framework for horizontal siding in the same horizontal position. After that, the vertical panels are installed on the resulting horizontal frame, between which another layer of insulation is superimposed. Roughly speaking, thermal insulation on the cross frame is a double intercrowder insulation, and, therefore, requires double financial and time costs.
4. An option using wooden carns with nails, wooden short sleeves from the board are nailed, and then the insulation is glued to the wall in 1 or 2 layers. Where wooden spears stick out, the insulation must be cut. The next step is to install the crate. The described variant of the heat insulation of the walls allows you to install a metal crate.
5. Progressive method is one of the most recent ways of thermal insulation of the walls. Innovative technology provides protection from cold by spraying a layer of polyurethane foam. The special apparatus creates a high pressure that releases the polyurethane mixture, and it sticks to the wall surface. Oxygen interaction occurs, ensuring instant foaming of the material. As a result, the wall is covered with a monolithic seamless layer of insulation of the necessary thickness. Polyurene foam is currently characterized as the material with the lowest thermal conductivity. That is, as the insulation of the best option is not found. What to say, such a method is very promising, but today he has not yet received proper spread. Such insulation only specialized firms are engaged, so you should not try to insulate the walls on your own, armed with polyurethane foam cans sold in all buildings. The composition, which will come out of such a cylinder, will not have the quality of the clutch with the wall and will not give good quality heat insulation.

Roof insulation

Finally, the foundation is insulated, the walls are covered with a thick layer of mineral wool, but it is still early to relax - the turn of the thermal insulation of the roof. The insulation of the roof is necessary, and if you remember the lessons of physics in high school, you will understand that the warm air has a property to climb up, and if it does not install anything there, it will just go away. The house with a laptile roof can be stirred infinitely, and it will always stay cold and uncomfortable.
Moreover, if you do not produce the thermal insulation of the roof, then the heat that goes out of the heated rooms, in contact with the cold "street" air, necessarily forms a condensate that will fall on your roof. The wet roof will last long, because mold and fungi "eat" wooden beams very quickly.
The heat insulation technology of the roof directly depends on the characteristics of its design. So, for each view there are their own nuances, but in all cases there are general moments.

Important moments and ways of insulation of the roof of the house:

1. Laying the waterproofing material is an integral component of any roof thermal insulation. Typically, the material is placed between the rafters of the "Vansel" method. For fixing, you can do the usual construction steppeler. Do not forget about careful sealing gaps in seams and joints.
2. Locking the insulation is made in the segments of the crate in the required number of layers. If you are placing the thermal insulation material in two layers, the place location should be such that the subsequent layer overlap the slots of the previous layer. So you can forget about random cold streams and drafts. Of course, blew all the gaps of the mounting foam.
3. The thermal insulation material must be laid as close as possible to the roof surface, so as not to leave the gaps, otherwise the cold air will penetrate between the roof and the heat insulating material.
4. Provide vaporizolation - it will avoid condensate on thermal insulation material. It is perfect for this regular runner, polyethylene film, foil or pergamine. Fixing vaporizolation is necessary in two or three layers depending on the thickness of the material used. Do not pull the material during the laying, and attach with a free way with an overlap at 10-12 cm. Schazzles cross the aluminum adhesive tape. If you use for steam barrier foil, lay it with a glossy side inside the room to enhance the thermal insulation effect.

The interior decoration is the final stage of the thermal insulation of the roof of the house when it is trimmed with finishing materials. For this purpose, any material is suitable for your taste - plastic panels, wooden lining or drywall. Plasterboard in the future can be painted with decorative paint, make a mosaic or boost wallpaper. In any case, it is better to choose moisture-resistant plasterboard for greater reliability.