Comfort in a residential or work room in our time is not so difficult to maintain. The climate technique is so developed that it can automatically adjust the acceptable temperature and humidity in the house or apartment. Especially relevant this technique is for large cities, in which in the summer period is not particularly able to open a window due to large gas and dusting. One of the most important devices that takes care of our comfort is air conditioning. Recently it is difficult to find an apartment or a house in which there is no such technique. On how to install air condition yourself - more.

Types of air conditioners and the principle of their work

The principle of operation of the air conditioner, like the refrigerator, is pretty simple. It is based on the properties of some substances that are called refrigerants capable of expanding and boiling to absorb heat.

Compressor - the main part of such devices is supplied to the evaporator of the refrigerant, which, with a sharp decrease in pressure, absorbs a lot of heat, thereby turning the air. Due to the temperature difference on the surface of the evaporator and indoors, it is formed by condensate, which through the tube is given out.

After the substance took the heat, it is pumped by a compressor further. Due to the increase in pressure, it goes to a supercritical state and sharply heats up.

In order for the substance to cool it into the condenser, where it is condensed and is again fed into the system as a liquid. On this cycle is repeated.

If the air conditioner needs to be included in the heating mode, the process turns around.

All, without exception, air conditioners are built on one principle. The only difference in them is the form of execution. According to this, household appliances are divided into the following types of which we will describe in more detail below.

Window. Small devices that combine in one form factor evaporator and capacitor. In order for the capacitor to be outside the room, the window conditioners are installed in the window opening or hole in the wall.

Advantages of these devices:

1. Small dimensions.
2. Low price.
3. Relative mobility. Dismantling and transferring the device is fashionable to perform independently without depressurization of the system.

Disadvantages of window air conditioners:

1. Low power.
2. The need to shoot it from the workplace in winter, as it will skip the cold to the room.

Portable air conditioners. Due to its interesting form, the nickname "Penguin" was obtained. Just like window conditioners, combined in one part and evaporator and capacitor. The heat removal from the device outside the room is performed through a corrugated tube, which is displayed out through the window or hole in the wall.

Advantages of portable air conditioners:

1. Mobility. It can be easily taken with him to the cottage or on vacation. When moving to another housing, you do not need to spend additional means to transfer the device. Over a short period of time, Penguin can be transferred from one to another room, making the climate in certain rooms more appropriate.
2. No need for professional installation.

The disadvantages of such devices are:

1. High price.
2. The need for technological holes for heat removal.
3. The need to constantly remove the accumulated condensate, which can flow outward, spoiling a floor covering.

Split system. The best air conditioning for the apartment. This type of air conditioners received its name for which it consists of two blocks. The internal block in which the evaporator is located, and the outer, in which the condenser is located. These are the most popular views of air conditioners. Practically devoid of flaws, they can work both on heating and cooling. Recently, split systems appeared that are equipped with air ionization and ventilation function.

Advantages of split systems in comparison with other air conditioning:

1. High performance.
2. Small size of the indoor unit.
3. High functionality.
4. Low noise.

From the disadvantages it should be noted:

1. Low mobility. Without a complete parsing and depressurization of the system, it cannot be moved from place to place.
2. The complexity of the installation. The installation of split-systems is usually trusted by professional installers. Installation of a heavy external block and a gasket of the main pipelines require certain knowledge and skills. In addition, to refuel air conditioner after installation requires special equipment.

If there is a desire and skill, you can try to make this work yourself, however, it is necessary to remember that in the absence of experience, the risks of making mistakes to bring equipment to disrepair is quite large.

Installation and operation rules Split system

When installing such an air conditioner, you must remember:

1. The outdoor unit is better to set below the internal one. In this case, due to the thermophone effect, the compressor will be much easier to pump fluid.
2. To install the outdoor unit, it is better to choose a cool place. Due to better cooling of the refrigerant, electricity costs will be much lower.
3. It is necessary to eliminate the contact of hot and cold contours, which leads to additional energy consumption.
4. The air conditioner compressor must be kept clean, otherwise its repair can not be avoided.
5. It is not desirable to install an outdoor unit near highways or fluffy poplars. His rapid pollution is guaranteed to increase the air conditioner.
6. Even the easiest device during operation consumes a large amount of energy, so the wiring should be appropriate for it.
7. The drainage tube must be removed outside under as a smaller angle as possible to the wall so that the condensate does not accumulate in the collection. Any bends of the tube can lead to condensate cluster, which is the ideal medium for reproducing harmful bacteria whose disputes are full in the air of the room.
8. Any air conditioner sharply reduces moisture in the room, so at a long time it requires an additional installation of humidifiers.
9. It is not allowed to have even microscopic cracks in the air conditioner system. Through them, the refrigerant will disappear into the crossed time.
10. Split system is better installed during the repair of the room. If for any reason it fails, when repairing it is necessary to put the track in order to simply install the equipment.

Air Conditioning Tool

To install such a type of air conditioner, the following tools are required:

1. A set for flavoring copper tubes, which should have pipe cutter. Cut the copper tube is strictly prohibited due to the formation of chips, which, when entering the compressor, simply displays it. Also be sure to need shabby. The file cannot be used by the already mentioned reason.
2. Perforator with a set of necessary drills.
3. Pump or compressor for checking the system tightness. For motorists, this should not be a problem.
4. Vacuum pump. We are needed to remove moisture from the system, which can cause the compressor breakage.
5. Wiring Mounting Tool.

Sequence of installation of air conditioning with their own hands

Order of work:

1. The first thing is set out the external unit. It is mounted on special brackets that are welded from metal corners. When installing the outdoor unit, it is necessary to provide a visor over it. This will protect it from direct sunlight. You need to install the unit so it was easier to carry out air conditioner service, because it will have to do it at least once a year.
2. Then the wiring is laid. It must match the current-consumed device. The minimum cross-section of the copper wire for connecting the air conditioner should be 1.5 mm ². A separate machine must be installed on the wiring, which will de-energize the device if necessary.
3. To display the feed tubes and return the refrigerant, the hole in the wall is drilled. In the manufacture of this work it is necessary to observe all precautions. At the bottom you need to protect the area under the wall so that the challenge of the wall does not fall down to someone on the head. If the wall reinforced concrete drill is needed where there is no reinforcement, otherwise it will have to beat the extra hole. The aisle diameter should be at least 80 mm to make the reserve on the insulation of the tubes.
4. When the hole in the wall is ready, pipelines are paved.
5. Installed internal block.
6. Blocks are connected.
7. Next, the system seal is carried out. For this, all wrench compounds are tightened, referred to the refueling nipple and with the help of a compressor (or pump) pumped air. A weak soap solution is applied to the threaded connections of the tubes, and they are dragged until the bubbles appear. Then the nut is pressed by another 1/8 turn.
8. Wakuuming is the process required to remove moisture from the system. For its production, it is necessary to put in place nipple and with the help of a vacuum pump to pump out all air. It takes this process about an hour.
9. After the end of vacuuming, the system is filled with a refrigerant. It is done through the adapter with a pressure gauge by means of installation for refueling air conditioners. The pressure of the substance in the system is indicated in the documentation for the split system.
10. After that, it is necessary to turn on the air conditioner for testing. When power is applied, it should do it yourself, if not - it is necessary to turn it on from the remote control. Otherwise, it is necessary to call the masters.

When installing a split system, you need to remember that the warranty on such air conditioners does not apply.

Installation of the air conditioner in the apartment: video